What all do you need to know about throat cancer and its treatment plan?

 What is Throat cancer?

Throat cancer is one of the cancer types which affect the neck and head area and it also includes the:

  • Nasopharynx - Throat area behind the nose
  • Oropharynx - Throat middle part
  • Hypopharynx - Throat bottom section and the oral cavity where the tongue is present.
  • Larynx - Throat area used for speaking

However, cancer present in this area is complex and painful to deal with but most of the patients can survive. For the treatment, you need to follow a multidisciplinary approach and at this time you will be getting support from the care team, oral medicine experts, speech-language pathologists, psychiatrists, pain management specialists, and many others. Moreover, the cancer treatment cost in India is highly affordable.

 

What are the risk factors which revolve around throat cancer?

Throat cancer risk is increased by smoking tobacco, pipes, cigars, or chewing tobacco. Also, if a person consumes alcohol in excess then the chances of throat cancer are going to increase. The occurrence of throat cancer is common in men as compared to women.

 

What are the symptoms of throat cancer?

  • A persistent sore throat or cough
  • A lump in the neck or throat or nose
  • Nosebleeds
  • Dull pain behind the breastbone
  • Headaches
  • Pain or ringing in the ears
  • Trouble swallowing
  • Trouble breathing or speaking
  • Unexplained weight loss
  • Changes in the voice
  • Ear pain

 

What are the types of throat cancer?

Laryngeal cancer

The laryngeal cancer is located between the tongue base and trachea which helps to make talking, breathing, and swallowing much easier.

 

Nasopharyngeal cancer

The nasopharynx is the throat's upper part which is present behind the nose. The nostrils reach the nasopharynx and the opening on each side is going to reach the ears.

 

Oropharyngeal cancer

The oropharynx is the throat middle part which includes the tongue base, back & sidewalls of the throat, soft palate, and tonsils. This cancer type will increase alcohol consumption, chewing tobacco or smoking, and being infected with HPV (Human papillomavirus).

 

What is the method to diagnose throat cancer?

A biopsy is the most common test to diagnose throat cancer during which the doctor will perform endoscopy by inserting a tube-like or thin endoscope through the mouth or nose to check the throat area. During a biopsy, lymph node tissue is taken so that it can be checked under the microscope. Along with that, MRIs, CT scans, PET scans, bone scan, or barium swallow can be done

 

What is the treatment for throat cancer?

Throat cancer treatment depends on the cancer stage and your overall health. Your treatment plan can include radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and surgery. The total number of therapy the patient needs to take will depend on the stage and location of the tumor.

 

Are there any ways to prevent throat cancer?

Throat cancer risk can be reduced by avoiding alcohol consumption and tobacco. Make sure that you have an annual screening or consult the dentist for an oral examination which includes checking the soft tissues of the neck and head along with the mouth interior. For boys and girls, it is important to get the HPV doses at the age of 11 to 12. HPV vaccination is important for people who are at the age of 26 if they have not got it done in the past.

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